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Old Parish Church of Prcanj, Montenegro The most beautiful church on the upper medieval path of Prcanj is the Old Parish Church. Today, the major part of the church is in ruins because it suffered tremendous devastation during the earthquake which occured in 1979. The church ensemble consists of an old cemetery, a monumental stone wall towards the sea which was laid down as a foundation of the whole complex, a unique octagonal dome, and the church building together with the residence of the parish palace, which is now completely in ruins. This church was mentioned for the first time in the documents dated 1399 as Ecclesia Sctae Mariae de Parzana. It was reconstructed in 1672 and after that, an octagonal chapel with a dome was built in 1740. In the night of December 5 1703, a miraculous vision occurred in this church described by the process in the records of Marin Drago, a Kotor bishop, ‘vol. 24’. In 1806, Papa Pio VII issued the Breve, by which the Old Parish Church in a question of absolution was joined and levelled as being of the same importance as the church of St. Maria Maggiore in Rome. After that, Pope Pius X transferred this important privilege to the New Parish Church of Prcanj. In the past, as recorded at the holy feast of the Birth of Mary in the 19th century, this church was visited by up to 6,000 people in a day. For a long time, the residents were buried in the church cemetery, and most of them were ship captains with great achievements during their service at the sea, ship-owners and priests. The church ensemble was guarded by armed men during the periods of conquests. After the New Parish Church was built in 1909, all the precious things, relics, furniture and frescoes were moved from the Old Parish Church to the New Parish Church and consequently, the upper church in the hill had lost its religious significance. Today, the church fascinates with its architectural composition and exceptional integration with the natural environment. The large octagonal dome and the church tower are still intact even today, despite the devastating earthquake in 1979. However, the church nave was completely destroyed, and only 4 walls are still standing but they are badly damaged. Despite this, the church still seems to be untouched and rare adventurers come to visit this masterpiece of architecture in the hill above Prcanj. The landscape of the upper medieval path of Prcanj is of great importance for the settlement and it is necessary to point out that it should be managed conscientiously in the future in order for its outstanding universal value to be maintained as an integral part of the UNESCO Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor. ​ ​ ​​​​ HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Kusevic, B. (2017). Old Parish church of Prcanj . ‘‘The Archive of Landscapes”. [date]. ​ BIBLIOGRAPHY . ​ BACKGROUND PHOTO. David Rumsey Historical Map Collection | The Collection; (1693) Disegno Topografico del Canale di Cattaro, Montenegro; Coronelli, Vincenzo (1650-1718).

Prcanj, Montenegro Prcanj in Kotor municipality in Montenegro is a coastal town which traditionally relied on the maritime trade and such tradition has remained to the present day. Historically, the first mentions of it were in 1222 in the correspondence regarding the construction of St Johan Church. During the medieval age, the town was being developed in the upper level in the hill and it relied primarily on the local agriculture. Later, at the beginning of the 15th century, the town rapidly started to develop in the coastal region. Prcanj sailors from early 15th century demonstrate the town’s tremendous skillfulness at the sea, witnessed by state Venetian captains. Maritime trade was very active and successful and made a lot of families from Prcanj exceptionally rich (for example, the Beskuca family owns 99 houses in the Bay of Kotor and overseas). Maritime trade flourished during 16th and 18th century; the ships owned by people from Prcanj grew in size and number so that by the end of the 18th century, Prcanj was a home port for 98 overseas ships. Prcanj’s wealthiest sea captains’ families names were: Lukovic, Gjurovic, Sbutega, Lazzari, Mihnic, Florio, Verona, Milin, Petkic, Raffaeili, Beskuca, Marassi. Many of them had their trade houses and family residences in Venice, Trieste, Corfu, Thebes, Corinth, Alexandria, Algiers, etc. Among their most common merchandise were Montenegrin and Greek cheese, Dalmatian vine, oil candles, salted sardines, dry meat, dry figs, Dalmatian and Greek olive oil, and silk. Their most frequent ports of call were - apart from the eastern Mediterranean ones - Ancona, Bari, Brindisi, Venice, and Trieste. The success of maritime trade was so immense for Prcanj that by the end of 17th century it had overpassed, in economic terms, the medieval town of Kotor (Cattaro in Italian), which had often helped them giving money and manual labour in times of crisis. After the catastrophic earthquake of 1667, by which Kotor was almost completely destroyed, Prcanj’s sailors and shipowners volunteerely helped repairing the destroyed town with money and labour, even providing free transport of goods on their ships. ​ In 1420, after several attempts to form an alliance with the Venetian Republic, Kotor’s Governors finally received a positive response and gained the Venetian protection. As it was due in time of war, Prcanj’s Governors aswered to the city’s assistance request providing a free mobilisation, and sailors always went to the sea battlefield against enemies with other Venetian provinces on Adriatic. Thanks to their extremely high faithfulness in naval battles and in sustaining safe sea-trade, all the Prcanj’s captains gained numerous benefits. For example, in 18th century Prcanj’s sailors and ship-owners got free merchandise, without any charge, available on Venezia and Padova, and tax-free trade. In 1420 the Bay of Kotor was not entirely under Venetian protection; in fact, the only inner area with the towns of Kotor, Dobrota, Mulla, Perzagno, Stolivo, Perasto, and Sterp was. Other areas of Bay of Kotor, such as Castel Nuovo and Risano, become Venetian provinces following the Liberation from the Ottoman rule in 1687. Already at the end of the 16th century, sailors from Prcanj stood out with their ships (fusta) on sails and oars which overpassed the Venetian State ships, as witnessed by the Venetian governor-general Almorò Tiepolo (1593). In fact, by the end of the 16th century, due to their tremendous skillfulness at the sea, the administration of the Venetian Republic decided to give to Prcanj’s captains the great responsibility to transport State mail (pubblici dispacci) on their ships. The decision, come into force in 1625, has brought many benefits to the population of Prcanj, such as relieving them from military service and physical, manual labour. On the other hand, the importance of a reliable postal service, ranging from Venice to Zadar and Kotor and even to Corfu, was of immense importance for the Republic of Venice.The ships carrying mail were small in size and their crew numbered nine members. The privileges of the city grew thanks to this extraordinary role, and in 1704 Prcanj received the statute of Municipality (Comunità di Perzagno). This decision of the Republic resulted in huge benefits, namely the abolition of customs, which strengthened the economic growth that inncreased the city’s maritime economy. ​ Prcanj is located at the foot of Vrmac hill and due to the mixture of sea and mountain air it has been renowned as a health resort for a long time. The settlement is well-known for its unique fresh air suitable for people with lung diseases and allergies, which was recognized at the congress of Yugoslavian pulmonologists in 1920s. The sanatorium for non-specific pulmonary diseases was situated in the area of Lekovina, which has special microclimatic benefits, until the 1979 earthquake.Today Prcanj is well-known as a health resort, and it attracts many visitors seeking for health improvement, sports training and family holiday in the peaceful scenery along the coast. It has a population of around 1,100. ​ ​ ​​​​ HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Kusevic, B. (2017). Town of Prcanj, Montenegro . ‘‘The Archive of Landscapes”. [date]. ​ BIBLIOGRAPHY . ​ BACKGROUND PHOTO. David Rumsey Historical Map Collection | The Collection; (1693) Disegno Topografico del Canale di Cattaro, Montenegro; Coronelli, Vincenzo (1650-1718).

2007-2017 Bay of Kotor panorama project ​cover photo: Bay of Kotor in winter Bay of Kotor is nowadays a very attractive tourist and ship cruise destination. Over 500,000 visitors from cruise ships visit the town of Kotor every year, which negatively affects the life of domicile population in many ways, and cause the high pollution of air and turbulence in marine ecosystem.

Before & After photo sliders Degradation of the cultural landscape in UNESCO Natural and Culturo-Historical region of Kotor Degradation of the integrity of the cultural landscape in settlement Dobrota, 2008-2017 view from pier in the town of Prcanj, Montenegro Photographs presented here are composite, post-processed in ICE, Photoshop and MS Gallery to ensure their geometric accuracy and clarity Photographs by Bogdan Kusevic Degradation of integrity of the cultural landscape in the town of Prcanj, 2007-2017 view from pier in the town of Prcanj, Montenegro Photographs by Bogdan Kusevic Degradation of integrity of the cultural landscape in the town of Prcanj, St. Anna valley 2017-2018. Photographs by Bogdan Kusevic

Bogdan Kusevic MSc architect conservator ​ Student of the graduate school of Architecture and landscape heritage, Politecnico di Milano Updated on: October 1. 2024. From the author... "Dealing with architecture for me is dealing with culture because architecture is supposed to reflect the cultural code of a particular society. My work is based on understanding of people’s needs by taking into consideration the needs of an individual first and then the collective needs. ​For me, architecture is so similar to poetry, a manifestation of the mind in its high awareness, often subconscious one but always existential one which clears its path towards others in spaces of collective memory. When I design, I always put permanence of architectural heritage to serve as a concept upon which contemporary design finds its own way. Thinking, writing, drawing and planning is my methodology of design whereby architecture should correspond with the existing built environment and as well as with nature and society so that it could take on an identity worthy of a man of the 21st century." Bogdan Kusevic, MSc Arch Work Experience May 2014 - Jul 2024 December 2018 - October 2023 Architect conservator - internship 200h - part-time May 2014 - Jul 2024 Studio Redaelli Speranza Architetti Associati Via Pietro Colletta 29, 20135 Milano, Italy ​ Investigation/survey/preliminary investigations of the properties that form part of a Castle in the province of Piacenza (Municipality of Calendasco), properties subject to protection by Legislative Decree 42/2004. The investigations are functional to the subsequent project of securing, restoring and reusing said part of the Castle within a larger project promoted by the Municipality, under the supervision of the Superintendency of Parma and Piacenza. ​ ​ Architect and conservator architect by contract December 1. 2018 - October 16. 2023 Enforma d.o.o. - www.enforma.me Jadranska magistrala bb. Kotor, Montenegro Developing preliminary designs and main conservation projects of fortification and residential architecture in Montenegro, also conducting research studies of memorial architecture in Montenegro. Conducting historical, architectural and genealogical research. A member of the project team in various architectural, conservation and landscape projects, among them notable ones as follows: ​ Preliminary design for the reconstruction of the fortress Kosmač (Budva). GFA 3002.95 m2 The main architectural conservation project of the Florio - Lukovic Palace (Prčanj). GFA 527.54 m2 The main executive project of the building reconstruction in its existing dimensions – turning a cultural heritage of the Španjola Fortess into an international creative hub (Herceg Novi). GFA 5178,27 m2 (2022) International competition (the winning design) for the reconstruction of the cultural heritage of the Španjola Fortress (Herceg Novi). GFA 5178,27 m2 (2020) Preliminary design and main conservation project for the reconstruction, rehabilitation and restoration of the Visković Palace – the Visković Family Museum (Perast). GFA 912.17 m2 (2019) Preliminary design and main conservation project for the reconstruction of the existing facility - “Town`s rampart - remains of the town of Onogošt” (Nikšić). GFA 1934,10 m2 (2019). (the audit phase in progres) Preliminary design and main conservation project for the reconstruction of the St. Cross Fortress (Perast). GFA 828.57 m2 (2019) October 2018 - December 2018 Apprenticeship October 1. 2018 - December 1. 2018. Enforma d.o.o. - www.enforma.me Jadranska magistrala bb. Kotor, Montenegro Assistance on the preliminary design of St. Cross fortress in Perast. September 2018 - Apprenticeship - Sept. 2018. Studio Redaelli Speranza Architetti Associati Via Pietro Colletta 29, 20135 Milano, Italy Urban and interior rendering design for the regional competition of Emilia Romagna - Valorisation of Via Francigena. Won the competition. September 2016 - Internship - Sept. 2016. Expeditio - Center for Sustainable Spatial Development Skaljari bb, 85330 Kotor, Montenegro Assistance on the project: Study of protection of cultural heritage in natural reserve ”Tivatska Solila’” in Tivat, Montenegro July 2014 - August 2014 Student traineeship - July - Aug. 2014 Atelier Pulsarh d.o.o. Molerova 37, 11111 Belgrade, Serbia Assistance on the several individual housing projects Education: Octobar 2015 - 2018 Master (MSc) degree in Sustainable Architecture and Landscape Design (degree class n. LM - 4 Building engineering - architecture) Politecnico di Milano, Scuola di Architettura, Urbanistica e Ingegneria delle Costruzioni, Via Scalabrini 76, 29121 Piacenza, Italy Graduation thesis: Score: 104/110 - July 2018. “The forgotten cultural landscape of Bay of Kotor. Valorisation of medieval path and ruins in Prcanj” ​ September 1998 - June 2006 Primary school degree - June 2006. Primary school “Ivo Lola Ribar” - in Prcanj, Montenegro Graduated with award in excellence “Luca 1” September 2000 - June 2006 Music school degree - June 2006. Primary music school “ŠOSMO Kotor” in Kotor, Montenegro Graduated with excellent grades in the class for clarinet with score 5.00/5.00 September 2006 - June 2010 High school degree - June 2010. High school - Classical Lyceum ,,Gimnazija Kotor’’ in Kotor, Montenegro. Final exam passed with score 4.75/5.00 September 2010 - July 2014 Bachelor (BSc) degree in Architecture - July 2014. University of Montenegro, Faculty of Architecture, Bulevar Dzordza Vasingtona, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro September 2014 - Sept. 2015 Specialist (Spec.Sci.) degree in Architecture - Sept. 2015. University of Montenegro, Faculty of Architecture Bulevar Dzordza Vasingtona, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro Graduation project score 10.0/10.0 with title: ,,Museum of Kotor’’ City museum with parking garage November 2023 - present Politecnico di Milano - Scuola di specializzazione in Beni architettonici e del paesaggio Graduate School in Architectural and Landscape Heritage Publications: January 2021 - January 2021 - “Cemetery“ tourism study Authors: Marija Novakovic, Bogdan Kusevic, Slaven Radimiri Levi Partner institutions: Municipality of Kotor, Jewish Community of Montenegro Kotor. - Jan. 2021. ​ The publication “Cemetery“ tourism study aims to reveal the chronology of the historical development of the city cemetery in Škaljari, Kotor with special reference to the chronology of its development, and the architecture of its cemetery chapels and churches, as well as the monumental sculpture. A special section of this publication is the architectural-stylistic chronological study of the Jewish cemetery located within the City Cemetery in Škaljari. This study aims to present the unique stylistic characteristics of the Jewish cemetery, which is the only one of its kind in Montenegro, and to find a model for its future valorisation, through the prism of cultural practice and tourism. ​ Link to this publication: https://www.significantcemeteries.org/2021/06/cemetery-tourism-study-at-city-cemetery.html "Jews in Kotor following the archive records from XV- XX Century" Authors: Marija Novakovic, Bogdan Kusevic Partner institutions: Municipality of Kotor, Jewish Community of Montenegro Kotor. - Jan. 2021. ​ The publication "Jews in Kotor following the archive records from XV- XX Century", created within the Rediscover pilot project aimed at rediscovering the forgotten Jewish cultural heritage in the Kotor municipality, thematically completes the segment of research on the origin of Jews in Kotor from the XV-XX century, their family histories, as well as the discovery of the almost forgotten Jewish cultural heritage in the Municipality of Kotor. The project includes archival and historical research on Jews in Kotor from the XV-XX centuries, genealogical research of Jewish families from Kotor in the XIX and XX century, architectural and stylistic research of Jewish cultural heritage in the municipality of Kotor, as well as demographic research of the Jewish people who lived in Kotor and neighbouring municipalities during the XIX and XX centuries. ​ Link to this publication: https://www.kotor.me/me/jevreji-u-kotoru---jews-in-kotor/ ​ Exhibitions: January 2021. - September 2022 Jewish tangible and intangible cultural heritage in Kotor Temporary exhibition: The authors of the exhibition: Studio Enforma doo - Marija Novakovic and Bogdan Kusevic Partner institutions: Municipality of Kotor, Jewish Community of Montenegro ​ Exibition displayed on: • The second book festival – "FesK" Kotor - 09. 2022. • European Days of Jewish Culture in Pljevlja - 09. 2022. • Jewish Conference "Mahar" in Budva - 10. 2021. • Naval Museum of Montenegro - Kotor - 01.2021. Workshops: July 2016. December 2015. Invisible LANDSCAPES: An architectural game. Politecnico di Milano. International one week workshop. Piacenza, Italy 1st BISHOP CITIES. Politecnico di Milano. Strategic nodes with a relevant role in the sustainable growth and liveability of the metropolitan regions. Piacenza, Italy State exams: ​ The examination of professional competence to perform the activities of drawing up of technical documentation and construction activities. 31.05.2023 State exams: The examination of professional competence to perform the activities of drawing up of technical documentation and construction activities. 31.05.2023 - Ministry of Spatial Planning, Urbanism and State Property The professional exam for the professional title of conservator. 27.10.2023. - Ministry of Culture and Media of Montenegro Licenses: Authorized engineer’s license to perform activities of drawing up of technical documentation and construction activities. 28.06.2023. Driving licence B2 Language skills: Mother tongue (s): Montenegrin, Serbian, Croatian Foreign languages: English B2, Italian B2 Curriculum Vitae Bogdan Kusevic

PRCANJ’S CULTURAL HERITAGE by Bogdan Kusevic social survey Paper is original social survey report of Msc thesis in architecture at Politecnico di Milano at the course of Sustainable Architecture and landscape Design Nov-Dec. 2017 Read More THESIS PRINTED BOOKLET by Bogdan Kusevic "The forgotten cultural landscape of Bay of Kotor. Valorisation of medieval path and ruins in Prcanj." Politecnico di Milano July 2018 Read More THESIS ABSTRACT (ENG-IT) by Bogdan Kusevic "The forgotten cultural landscape of Bay of Kotor. Valorisation of medieval path and ruins in Prcanj." Politecnico di Milano July 2018 Read More POLITECNICO DI MILANO ​POLITesi - Digital archive of PhD and post graduate theses ​Sustainable architecture and landscape design master thesis by Bogdan Kusevic July 2018 Read More

Welcome to the cultural heritage project 2017 The Archive of Landscapes cover photo: UNESCO Natural and Culturo - Historical region of Kotor Prcanj, Bay of Kotor, Montenegro photo by Bogdan Kusevic Photography Articles Timeline Research About the cultural heritage project THE ARCHIVE OF LANDSCAPES The Bay of Kotor in Montenegro, which has been World Heritage Site since 1979, has been facing unprecedented degradation during the last decade due to unplanned and excessive development that has been carried out without implementation of any study for protection and management of cultural landscape . And now, when you look at the images of cobbled hills of Bay of Kotor, destroyed picturesque seashore villages, masterpieces of fortification and residential architecture in danger , you might wonder how come the most beautiful things that we, as citizens of Montenegro could be proud of, are about to vanish just because of us. The cultural heritage is, after all, a civilisation code of one area and thus the cultural language of architectural heritage. This is not a photography project because I am not a professional photographer, nor it is a project for architectural restoration because I am not a restorer yet, nor even a tourist guide because I do not work in tourism sector. This is The Archive of Landscapes that will never be the same again and as harmonious as it used to be. Over the past decade, the landscape of Bay of Kotor has degraded very much and has been turned into excavations site, into trenches and landslides between concrete structures. Bay of Kotor is a bay in Montenegro where various cultures overlap due to Roman, Byzantine, Venetian and Austro-Hungarian rule . Today, the devastation of the cultural landscape and the architectural heritage has worsen, which implies that the Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor will most likely lose the UNESCO status of the World Cultural Heritage Site acquired in 1979. On this occasion, I would like to ask all scientific organisations in Montenegro, state bodies, dedicated experts and foreign organisations to come to Bay of Kotor and to give the utmost scientific support in maintenance, protection and regeneration of cultural landscape of UNESCO Natural and Culturo-Historical region of Kotor, so that its outstanding universal value can be preserved and left for the future generations to come. ​ Bogdan Kusevic, MSc Arch Piacenza, May 2017. About the website THE ARCHIVE OF LANDSCAPES The cultural heritage project 2017 titled "The Archive of Landscapes" aims at raising awareness about the degradation of cultural heritage and landscape in the UNESCO Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor, providing an insight into the appearance of the landscape during the last decade. ​The website "The Archive of Landscapes" was developed entirely during my master studies in architecture at Politecnico di Milano from 2017 to 2018. The main purpose of creating this website was to present the permanence of the landscape of my homeland to my mentors, to gain the feedback from the community about the most important areas considered for valorisation , and to inspire the members of the local community to think creatively about how the local cultural heritage can be preserved. During my studies, the responses of the community members were included as the basis for future research about the local heritage, and the results of that work were published online in the form of a research paper in both English and Montenegrin language. Furthermore, the responses obtained were helpful and were used for determining the zones for protection and valorisation of the most valuable part of the cultural landscape in the town of Prcanj . As my wish was to make general public aware of the importance of valorisation of the cultural landscape in the Bay of Kotor , the contents of the thesis were made public while it was being written. In that way, the project of raising awareness about the significance of the cultural landscape of the Bay of Kotor titled "The Archive of Landscapes" was born. ​ Bogdan Kusevic, MSc Arch Piacenza, July 2018. A word from the author I am an architect based in Kotor . In July 2018, I obtained the master’s degree in sustainable architecture and landscape design at Politecnico di Milano. Before that, I acquired a bachelor’s degree and a specialist’s degree in architecture at the University of Montenegro - the Faculty of Architecture, where I studied between 2010 and 2015. Many years before I enrolled in architecture school, I started to observe, document and photograph the buildings in my homeland. My passion for cultural heritage and photography continued during architecture studies, when I found an immense inspiration for landscape photography in my hometown Prcanj . Furthermore, my grandfather was an artist-photographer whose photographs allowed me to examine the tremendous change in the landscape of the Bay of Kotor for almost an entire century. The cover photo above represents the street called Ulica Lukovica - Lukovic Street situated in the town of Prcanj in Montenegro. It is one of the most beautiful Baroque coastal streets in the Southern Adriatic. However, this street, together with other settlements which belong to Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor under the UNESCO protection are now facing the unprecedented degradation because of poorly planned and excessive development . I appreciate the cultural landscape of my homeland very much as well as the native traditional building techniques and, above all, the local architectural heritage , so my photographs almost always represent the landscape with its unique architectural particularity. Harmony of the sea , the mountains and the palaces lined up along the waterfront is probably one of the most picturesque scenery in the entire region, especially in the morning. Belonging to the native population of Bay of Kotor, I feel overwhelmed by this scenery because this is the place where I have been living since I was born. I think that photography could have a big role in raising awareness of the general public about the heritage, its role in the local community and its peculiarity on the global scale. Here, in the area of Bay of Kotor , sometimes referred to as “The most secure port of the world” , the echo of the past centuries has been overwhelmingly present. Today, landscape has changed in a negative way but there is still a hope for its preservation and regeneration . Bogdan Kusevic, MSc Arch Piacenza, July 2018.

2007-2017 Bay of Kotor seascape photography ​cover photo: The islets in front of Perast, Montenegro Bay of Kotor in Montenegro, is a very attractive tourist destination. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful bays in the world. The Bay of Kotor is rich in cultural heritage, and the town of Kotor, situated at the end of the bay is the most beautiful one, where the most ancient Cathedral in eastern Adriatic called St. Tryphon Cathedral has existed since 1166. In this area, there are also very well-known Roman mosaics in Risan famous for its unique presentation of God Hypnos, along with the remains of Roman villas. The coastal settlements rapidly developed during Venetian protectorate of this region from 1492 to 1797 and the most picturesque towns are Perast and Prcanj. The coastline in Boka Kotorska has been modified by building family piers in front of palaces and houses. The population of the entire bay is around 60,000. Next

2007-2017 Kotor (ita. Cattaro) cover photo: Kotor town ramparts Street musician in square of St. Luke in kotor, Montenegro - recorded by Bogdan Kusevic. August 2012 00:00 / 00:00 Kotor is situated at the end of the Bay of Kotor in Montenegro, which is officially in the group of the most beautiful bays in the world. During the medieval times, Kotor became one of the most prominent cultural, economic, religious and trade centres of the southern Adriatic. The oldest archaeological remaining is the foundation of the early Cristian basilica from the 6th century below now existing Church of St. Mary of The River. The first fortification was also established in the 6th century under the rulership of the Byzantine Empire. From 1185 to 1371, Kotor was under the rule of the Kingdom of Serbia. During that period, the first statute of the town was released in the year of 1301. Between 1391 and 1420, Kotor was an independent town - state. Afterwards, due to the threat of the Ottoman Empire and regular attacks by pirates, Kotor asked the Republic of Venice for protection, which was granted. Thus, Kotor with its surrounding territory became the province of the Venetian Republic from 1420 to 1797. During the Venetian protectorate, the town became a significant maritime centre in this region. In that period, most of its palaces were constructed in Baroque style by using building techniques with a strong influence of Venetian tradition. ​ READ MORE on heritage article ''Bay of Kotor" Next

Bay of Kotor Kotor-Historical timeline Bay of Kotor-timeline Bay of Kotor in Montenegro, is a very attractive tourist destination. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful bays in the world. The Bay of Kotor is rich in cultural heritage, and the town of Kotor, situated at the end of the bay is the most beautiful one. In this area, there are also very well-known Roman mosaics in Risan famous for its unique presentation of God Hypnos, along with the remains of Roman villas. The coastal settlements rapidly developed during Venetian protectorate of this region from 1492 to 1797. The most picturesque coastal in Bay of Kotor are Perast and Prcanj. The coastline in Bay of Kotor has been modified by building family piers in front of palaces and houses over the last two millennium. The population of the entire bay is around 60,000. ​ Kotor is situated at the end of the Bay of Kotor in Montenegro. During the medieval times, Kotor became one of the most prominent cultural, economic, religious and trade centres of the southern Adriatic. The oldest archaeological remaining is the foundation of the early Cristian basilica from the 6th century below now existing Church of St. Mary of The River. The first fortification was also established in the 6th century under the rulership of the Byzantine Empire. From 1185 to 1371, Kotor was under the rule of the Kingdom of Serbia. During that period, the first statute of the town was released in the year of 1301. Between 1391 and 1420, Kotor was an independent town - state. Afterwards, due to the threat of the Ottoman Empire and regular attacks by pirates, Kotor asked the Republic of Venice for protection, which was granted. Thus, Kotor with its surrounding territory became the province of the Venetian Republic from 1420 to 1797. During the Venetian protectorate, the town became a significant maritime centre in this region. In that period, most of its palaces were constructed in Baroque style by using building techniques with a strong influence of Venetian tradition. The town has the longest fortification system in this region which was rebuilt by the Venetian Republic from 16th to 18th century. It protected the town during numerous Ottoman attempts to conquest the city. The most significant feat of architecture is St. Tryphon Cathedral built in 1166 on the remains of the old Roman basilica dated to the year of 809. Today, Kotor is a very attractive tourist and ship cruise destination. Over 500,000 visitors from cruise ships visit the town every year, which negatively affects the life of domicile population in many ways, and cause the high pollution of air and turbulence in marine ecosystem. The town itself has 2,500 inhabitants and it is the cultural capital of Montenegro. ​ ​ HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Kusevic, B. (2017). Bay of Kotor, Montenegro ‘‘The Archive of Landscapes”. [date]. ​ BIBLIOGRAPHY . ​ BACKGROUND PHOTO. Coats of arms of Beskuca family, Prcanj, Montenegro. Photo by Bogdan Kusevic; ​ ​ ​ ​ ​